Top Trends Of Programmatic Advertising - 845 Words

Top Trends in Programmatic It’s no secret that programmatic advertising continues to present broad appeal for marketers as they seek greater efficiencies in their advertising spends (need proof? see here, here and here). But while the technology helps reduce CPM costs, the marketer’s ultimate goal—connecting with and engaging consumers—remains more challenging than ever. It’s not difficult to see why. Consumers are moving continuously throughout each day among digital devices, making them an elusive target for marketers. As a result, while programmatic may deliver the lowest cost CPM, this does not translate to the best quality impressions. The result is a demand for better data—first-party data—that can reach specific consumers wherever and whenever they are. Such data can be used to create truly advertising that’s truly personal, a customization that better engages each consumer. This growing demand has placed programmatic advertising at an important crossroads, one that will bring about (at least) the following notable trends: First-party data to gain greater share of programmatic spends: As we noted above, marketers increasingly are realizing that first-party data is the right asset to reach people who don’t just look like their customers but are their customers. As we noted earlier this year, â€Å"82% of marketers plan to increase use of the data generated from their customers and brand properties. They are putting first-party data first, over the inferred, third-partyShow MoreRelatedBusiness Plan For Invest $ 100001453 Words   |  6 Pagesdecided to Invest $10000 in Google Inc. Google is American multinational technology company specializing in Internet-related services and products. These include online advertising technologies, search, cloud computing, and software, Most of its profits are derived fromAdWords, an online advertising service that places advertising near the list of search results. Just days after Google took investors on a thrilling 20 percent upswing by trouncing analysts expectations in its quarterly earnings reportRead MoreA Research Project On Google4406 Words   |  18 PagesGeneral Overview Professionally, Google is known as a company based in California that is labeled as an internet company which is multi-national. It provides online searching, as well as cloud computing, software, and advertising. The company actually didn t start off as a company, but rather as a research project back in 1996. The project was being conducted by Sergey Brin and Larry Page who at the time were studying at Standford University as PhD students. At the time, in internet-land, the searchRead MoreStrategic Analysis : Google, Inc.4869 Words   |  20 Pagesinternet giant, Google, Inc. â€Æ' General Overview Professionally, Google is known as a company based in California that is labeled as an internet company which is multi-national. It provides online searching, as well as cloud computing, software, and advertising. The company actually didn t start off as a company, but rather as a research project back in 1996. The project was being conducted by Sergey Brin and Larry Page who at the time were studying at Stanford University as PhD students. At the timeRead MoreBusiness Process Reengineering and Human Resource Management6517 Words   |  27 PagesGiven the number and variety of earlier solutions to unsatisfactory corporate performance that failed to fulfil their promise, it is not surprising to discover a degree of scepticism about Business Process Reengineering (BPR), especially as its programmatic and abstract character makes it harder to pin down than recipes for strengthening corporate culture or building quality into every aspect of business activity 10 . Does BPR have a distinctive flavour or is it the same old imperialistic consultancyRead MoreAcme Home Improvements Inc.6728 Words   |  27 Pagesfrom one department to the next has to be efficient and effective; interdepartmental communication is an essential piece to a productive and successful organization. How certain information will flow is also a topic of concern. Will it flow from the top-down? Will an autonomous way of information flow be more beneficial, in which everything is departmentalized; flowing from departments? These components link the concept of business architecture, making the organization a whole. And, it is, in aRead MoreFamily Tree19118 Words   |  77 Pagesto explain and predict situations and results. Theories explain the nature and causes of a given problem and provide guidelines for practical interventions. Diagnoses of problems translate into strategies, that is, specific courses of action for programmatic interventions that use a variety of techniques. Since the 1950s, a diversity of theoretical a nd empirical traditions has converged in the field of development communication. Such convergence produced a rich analytical vocabulary but also conceptualRead MoreManagers Explore and Exploit9261 Words   |  38 Pagesnew initiative that, if successful, could undermine their current business model? In addition, if they were to do this, how should the new venture be organized and led? Ganesh Natarajan at Zensar Technologies Zensar Technologies is one of India’s top 25 business process outsourcing companies proving services to 300 of the Fortune 500 firms. In 2005, its business was growing but Ganesh Natarajan, the CEO, saw the opportunity to implement a potentially radical software process innovation (SolutionRead MoreSocial Stress And Its Impact On The Classroom9865 Words   |  40 Pagesweight stigma is theoretically unique because it is instantiated into biology in an insidious way that promotes weight gain, thereby exacerbating the original socially stigmatized condition. I will accomplish this objective through an arc of three programmatic studies that will test causal and longitudinal hypotheses derived from the model. Of note, I developed this proposal partly as a postdoctoral training vehicle for Dr. Paula Brochu to ensure her success in her academic career, and her excellentRead More24 Business Communication Skills: Attitudes of Human Resource Managers Versus Business Educators7441 Word s   |  30 Pagesoversee business communications functions that include media relations, online communications, marketing, special events, product/brand communications, crisis management, employee/internal communications, community relations, and product/brand advertising. The expanse and importance of business communication underscores the need for business education and business to collaborate in preparing business majors for the workplace. It is widely accepted that business management and business educatorsRead MoreProject Management Infomaton System48477 Words   |  194 Pagescollecting, storing, analyzing and reporting project information used to make decisions for project management. Monitoring provides project management and project stakeholders the information needed to evaluate the progress of the project, identify trends, patterns or deviations, keep project schedule and measure progress towards the expected goals. Monitoring information allows decisions regarding the use of project resources (human, material and financial) to enhance its effectiveness. When the right

The Australian Solicitors Conduct Rules

Question: Describe about the Australian Solicitors Conduct Rules ? Answer: The Australian Solicitors Conduct Rules are applicable in case of all the solicitor's operating in Australia. The purpose behind the introduction of these rules is to help the solicitor's in acting ethically and also according to the principles of professional conduct that have been provided by the common law as well as these rules. The law provides in this regard that while deciding if a solicitor has been engaged in professional misconduct or unsatisfactory conduct, apart from the common law, these rules also apply (Australian Solicitors Conduct Rule 2012). Any breach of these rules amounts to the professional misconduct for unsatisfactory conduct and as a result, the relevant regulatory authority may take disciplinary action however a third party cannot enforce them (Doulman v ACT Electronic Solutions Pty Limited Anor, 2011). Among the fundamental duties of solicitors, Rule 3 provides that the paramount duty of the solicitors is towards the court and also the administration of justice. This Rule also provides that in case of any inconsistency, such a duty prevails to the extent of such inconsistency. At the same time, Rule 4 provides the other fundamental ethical duties of the solicitors. For example in this regard Rule 4.1 provides that a solicitor is required to act in the best interests of his or her client in any matter in which the client is being represented by the solicitor. It is also required that the solicitor should be courteous and honest while dealing with the matters related with legal practice. Similarly, these roles also provide that legal services should be provided by the solicitor competently and diligently and at the same time, these services should be provided by the solicitor as promptly as may be possible reasonably under the circumstances. In this regard Rule 4.1.4 provides that th e solicitors should not compromise with their integrity and also that there professional independence. Therefore, Rule 4.1.5 provides that the solicitor's should comply with these rules and also the other laws that may be applicable in this regard (Bufalo Corporation Pty Ltd v Lend Lease Primelife Ltd, 2010). The relations of solicitors with their clients have been discussed in Rules 7 to 16. This includes the obligation provided by Rule 8 according to which a solicitor has to follow the proper, lawful and competent instructions of the client. In this regard, the common law presumes that every adult person has the capacity to make its own decisions. However the presumption may be displaced by certain characteristics like old age, mental infirmity, suspicion regarding fraud or undue influence, incapacity or the situation where the client cannot communicate. In this way, while the presumption related with legal capacity is present in the relationship between solicitors and their clients, at the same time it is also necessary that the solicitors should be reasonably satisfied that the client has the mental capacity for giving the instructions. In case the solicitor is not satisfied regarding such mental capacity of the client, the solicitor should not represent or act for such a client. Any failure on the part of the solicitor to be alert regarding the issue of incapacity can result in the liability of the solicitor under negligence (Walker v DAlessandro, 2010). If reasons are present for a solicitor to doubt the capacity of applied to give competent instructions, it may result in complex issues. Where a solicitor is not sure regarding the appropriate response in a particular situation where the capacity of the client to give instructions is in doubt, according to Rule 9.2.3 the solicitor can also seek confidential advice related with the ethical or legal obligations of the solicitor in such a case. At the same time, it is also the duty of the solicitors to use the court process and privileges responsibility. In this regard, Rule 21.2 provides that a solicitor should take care in order to make sure that the decisions made by the solicitor for making allegations or suggestions against any person under privilege can be justified reasonably by the material that is at present available with the solicitor. It is also required that it should be appropriate for the robust advancement of the case of the client on the merits of the case and at the same time, these allegations or suggestions should not be made only with a view to embarrass or harass a person (Pont, 2013). While the Barrister's Rules, 2011 does not introduce any fundamental departure from the ethical rules that were in force earlier but it has introduced certain changes. For example, some entirely new rules have also been introduced by them. An example in this regard can be given of Rule 12 which focuses on the role played by the barristers in administration of justice. The Advocacy Rules have been introduced with a view to maintain equivalent standard in this regard between the bar and the solicitor advocates. In this regard, Rule 27.1 provides that when it is known of it becomes clear that a solicitor may have to give evidence that his material for the determination of the issue in contest, in such a case, the solicitor should not appear as the advocate for that particular client. On the other hand, Rule 27.2 allows the solicitors to continue to act for a client under the circumstances that have been mentioned in Rule 27.1 but not as the advocate of such client unless doing so may re sult in a prejudice for the administration of justice. The paramount duty of the solicitors needs to be kept in mind in this regard. At the same time, a barrister owes certain duties towards the court. For example it is the overriding duty of a barrister towards the court according to which the barrister should act independently and in the interest of administration of justice. It is also the duty of the barrister to not receive or mislead the court knowingly or recklessly (Pont, 2013). At the same time, the best is also required to take all necessary steps to correct themselves if any misleading statement has been made by them. Such steps should be taken as soon as possible after the barrister comes to know regarding the fact that the statement was misleading. These rules also provide that the opponents should be alerted by the barrister and in case it appears to be necessary, the code should be informed if any excess concession made by the opponent during the trial in civil proceedings is against the true position, to the knowledge of the barrister and the barrister believes that a mistake has been made. In the same way, while seeking and interlocutory relief in case of an ex parte application, the barrister is required to disclose all the fat and legal matters to the courts which are within the knowledge of the barrister and are not protected by the privilege of legal profession and reasonable grounds are present for the barrister to believe that it would be in favor of an argument against the grant of such a relief or limiting the terms of such relief. At the same time, barrister also owes certain duties towards the clients. These duties have been mentioned in Rules 37 - 40. Rule 37 provides that the best interests of the client should be protected and promoted by the barrister fearlessly and with best skill and diligence. It is also required that the barrister should inform the clients regarding the alternative is available to fully contested adjudication (Rule 38). The barrister should try to help the client in understanding the issues present in the case and also the possible rights and obligations of the client in a particular case (Rule 39). Rule 40 provides that in case of a client charged with a criminal offense, the barrister should advise the client regarding the benefit that may be provided by any law, procedure or practice in case the client pleads guilty. At the same time, it is also the duty of the barrister to use the court process and privilege responsibly. These duties have been mentioned in rules 59-67. References Australian Solicitors Conduct Rules, 2012 G E Dal Pont, 2013, Lawyers Professional Responsibility, 5th ed. Case Law Doulman v ACT Electronic Solutions Pty Limited Anor [2011] FMCA 232 Bufalo Corporation Pty Ltd v Lend Lease Primelife Ltd [2010] VSC 672 Walker v DAlessandro [2010] VSC 15

t Laughed, I Would Have Cried

I was indestructible. I was ruthless. I broke out, hurling a flurry of precise, mastered and skilful kicks. Each kick grew in supremacy, as I glared at my opponent’s face: grief stricken and glazed with unmistakable distress. Each kick neared her towards tasting the bitterness of a palpable defeat. Rhapsody enticed my face as I smirked mercilessly. I emerged from under the bedclothes and encountered the mottled morning light. Today was the day my dreams would become reality. I had always harboured a competitive streak but I was not always good at actually realising it. This was to be my first Taekwondo competition and the desire to win was overwhelming. I affectionately selected my loose white uniform that hung alongside my green school dress. Each Sunday morning for the past twelve months I had religiously swapped the academic rigidity of school for the physical rigidity of Taekwondo and noticed that even now, the whiteness of my uniform was a little dulled and the threads slightly frayed, revealing the chronic blows that it had suffered. Two badges were sewn onto the front by unorthodox and jagged black threads, visibly overlapping the stark whiteness of my uniform. Each badge bore the fist of a martial artist and was intended to highlight strength, skill and indomitable spirit. However, despite the air of sophistication emitted by the badges, my clumsy Year 10 stitching defeated their purpose as being signs of professionalism. My transformation was almost complete. I picked up my belt and placed it around my waist, cautious to avoid any untidy overlapping. Tying a taut knot, the two remaining straps were left to suspend freely, yet, their presence did nothing except weigh heavily on my pride. I was a yellow belt, a mere novice, and felt demeaned by such a lowly status. Nevertheless I managed to reassure myself, this was to be the final day I would have to endure the humiliation of this sallow shade. I surveyed my ref... 't Laughed, I Would Have Cried Free Essays on If I Hadn\'t Laughed, I Would Have Cried I was indestructible. I was ruthless. I broke out, hurling a flurry of precise, mastered and skilful kicks. Each kick grew in supremacy, as I glared at my opponent’s face: grief stricken and glazed with unmistakable distress. Each kick neared her towards tasting the bitterness of a palpable defeat. Rhapsody enticed my face as I smirked mercilessly. I emerged from under the bedclothes and encountered the mottled morning light. Today was the day my dreams would become reality. I had always harboured a competitive streak but I was not always good at actually realising it. This was to be my first Taekwondo competition and the desire to win was overwhelming. I affectionately selected my loose white uniform that hung alongside my green school dress. Each Sunday morning for the past twelve months I had religiously swapped the academic rigidity of school for the physical rigidity of Taekwondo and noticed that even now, the whiteness of my uniform was a little dulled and the threads slightly frayed, revealing the chronic blows that it had suffered. Two badges were sewn onto the front by unorthodox and jagged black threads, visibly overlapping the stark whiteness of my uniform. Each badge bore the fist of a martial artist and was intended to highlight strength, skill and indomitable spirit. However, despite the air of sophistication emitted by the badges, my clumsy Year 10 stitching defeated their purpose as being signs of professionalism. My transformation was almost complete. I picked up my belt and placed it around my waist, cautious to avoid any untidy overlapping. Tying a taut knot, the two remaining straps were left to suspend freely, yet, their presence did nothing except weigh heavily on my pride. I was a yellow belt, a mere novice, and felt demeaned by such a lowly status. Nevertheless I managed to reassure myself, this was to be the final day I would have to endure the humiliation of this sallow shade. I surveyed my ref...

Definition and Examples of Jargon

Definition and Examples of Jargon Jargon refers to the specialized language of a professional or occupational group. While this language is often useful or necessary for those within the group, it is usually meaningless to outsiders. Some professions have so much jargon of their own that it has its own name; for example, lawyers use legalese, while academics use academese. Jargon is also sometimes known as lingo or argot. A passage of text that if full of jargon is said to be jargony. Key Takeaways: Jargon Jargon is the complex language used by experts in a certain discipline or field. This language often helps experts communicate with clarity and precision. Jargon is different from slang, which is the casual language used by a particular group of people. Critics of jargon believe such language does more to obscure than clarify; they argue that most jargon can be replaced with simple, direct language without sacrificing meaning. Supporters of jargon believe such language is necessary for navigating the intricacies of certain professions. In scientific fields, for instance, researchers explore difficult subjects that most laypeople would not be able to understand. The language the researchers use must be precise because they are dealing with complex concepts (molecular biology, for example, or nuclear physics) and simplifying the language might cause confusion or create room for error. In Taboo Language, Keith Allan and Kate Burridge argue that this is the case: Should jargon be censored?  Many people think it should.  However,  close examination of jargon shows that, although some of it is vacuous pretentiousness...its proper use is both necessary and unobjectionable. Critics of jargon, however, say such language is needlessly complicated and in some cases even deliberately designed to exclude outsiders. American poet David Lehman has described jargon as the verbal sleight of hand that makes the old hat seem newly fashionable. He says the language gives an air of novelty and specious profundity to ideas that, if stated directly, would seem superficial, stale, frivolous, or false. In his famous essay Politics and the English Language, George Orwell argues that obscure and complex language is often used to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind. Jargon vs. Slang Jargon should not be confused with slang, which is informal, colloquial language sometimes used by a group (or groups) of people. The main difference is one of register; jargon is formal language unique to a specific discipline or field, while slang is common, informal language that is more likely to be spoken than written. A lawyer discussing an amicus curiae brief is an example of jargon. A teen talking about making dough is an example of slang. List of Jargon Words Jargon can be found in a variety of fields, from law to education to engineering. Some examples of jargon include: Due diligence: A business term, due diligence refers to the research that should be done before making an important business decision.AWOL: Short for absent without leave, AWOL is military jargon used to describe a person whose whereabouts are unknown.Hard copy: A common term in business, academia, and other fields, a hard copy is a physical printout of a document (as opposed to an electronic copy).Cache: In computing, cache refers to a place for shorts of detritivores include earthworms, sea cucumbers, and millipedes. Holistic: Another word for comprehensive or complete, holistic is often used by educational professionals in reference to curriculum that focuses on social and emotional learning in additional to traditional lessons.Magic bullet: This is a term for a simple solution that solves a complex problem. (It is usually used derisively, as in I dont think this plan youve come up with is a magic bullet.)Best practice: In business, a best practice is one that should be adopted because it has proven effectiveness.

Islamic Law and its Hearings and Trials Assignment

Islamic Law and its Hearings and Trials - Assignment Example Basic principles of Sharia are to see the will of God done on earth and the will is meant to bring about compassion, kindness, generosity, justice, fair play, tolerance and care in general. The basic principles of Sharia Law include the right to the protection of life, the right to the protection of the family, the right to the protection of education and the right to the protection of religion. Moreover, the principles include the right to the protection of property and the right to the protection of human dignity (Janin and AndreÃŒ  30-41: 77). Sacred law operates slightly different from the secular law because the sacred law only applies to members of a particular religion, for instance, Islamic religion. However, secular law is superior to the sacred law and is applicable to a wider geographical region and on different people regardless of their religion. Moreover, a sacred law is only enforceable by the people belonging to a particular religion who may handle both civil and criminal cases of a particular religion. Most of the laws are created based on specific religious principles. Sharia Law, for example, is created as per Prophet Mohammed’s teachings and the Quran. The sacred law must always be consistent with the superior secular law. Secular law is made by the judges or created by the legislators and are found in every country worldwide. The judges or makers of the secular law only requires formal education and must not always belong to a certain group of religion. Because the society changes, laws also change to reflect the values of the people it governs. It is apparent that people’s’ values and ways of life change and the law is required to accommodate such kind of changes.  The attitudes and values of should be democratically reflected in the law. However, some laws do not change because they always remain relevant to the society’s way of life and values.

Accomplishments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Accomplishments - Essay Example It was she who arranged me a music class every Saturday afternoons with the little bucks she obtained from her tailoring shop. As music was my passion, I learned all the lessons that my teacher taught me with great interest and enthusiasm. It took only six months for me to master the primary notes though they were really hard to practice. But still there was a problem; I never had a guitar to practice at home. As for me, a guitar was necessary to practice the long notes and rather difficult codes. For, the time that was available for me in the music class was quite little. Attracted by my enthusiasm my teacher promised me to grant me an old guitar with which he used to practice us. I was excited to hear it from my master because, getting a guitar for my own was a priceless gift for a child like me. I practiced with it earnestly and became a little expert at the age of nine. Until I finished my studies, I never paid much thought to showing my talents to the public.

Teaching ESL Students Essay Example for Free

Teaching ESL Students Essay In the summer of 2008 I worked in a private college for girls in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ( Due to the college’s policy, I was asked not to reveal the name of the college). This College offers continuing education and extension courses to meet the needs of women in the community for professional development and personal enrichment programs. In summer it offers a 4 week Intensive English Language Program. I was asked to teach two levels; level one and level three. In my level one class, I had a total of 9 students, and they were all Saudi’s: four of them were 15 years old, 2 of them where 11 years old, 2 were 13 years old, and one of them was 24 years old. All of them came from Saudi government schools. I met with them 5 days a week for 2 hours. The books used for the course was interchange level 1. However I also used Word by Word Picture Dictionary. Reading, writing, grammar, listening, speaking, and vocabulary were skills I taught in the program. Puzzle Area Generally, as an ESL teacher, I never use Arabic in class in order to expose students to the new language. However, I very quickly realized that the students were not responding well to my use of English only. I could see that the students felt insecure and confused. Even the simplest question â€Å"What’s your name? † was answered with head nodding or a crooked smile. So I used the Tarzan method, â€Å"I AM JANE†, but it was not effective. This response was a sign to change my method. I remembered the days in Pakistan as a child I tried to fit in while my classmates spoke Urdu and I felt like an alien lost and confused listening to gibberish from my perspective or rather trying to solve secret codes and guess what is being said. My focus automatically shifted not to learn the words but to try and understand body language. And this is what I saw in my students’ eyes i. e. they lost track of words and focused on my facial expressions and body language to try and understand what was going on. The look on their faces always seemed to say â€Å"What an earth is she saying † Thus, I puzzled over how I could best meet the needs of these very low level learners and whether or not I should use Arabic in class or not. Exploring the Puzzle Area I decided to experiment with using Arabic minimally to encourage learning English and to especially create a comfortable atmosphere for the beginners to express themselves. For instance when I introduced the vocabulary words, I allowed them to use Arabic. It was more or less a co-operative learning strategy. I gave them the word and defined it in English and some students said it out loud in Arabic helping each other understand the new words fully. Moreover, I felt the need to use Arabic myself when it came to teaching abstract vocabulary because I wanted to ensure induced errors would be avoided. I would ask my students to tell me what the word means in Arabic. Saying the word in Arabic myself was my last resort for I did it to spot check on the students and to further avoid their frustration. In grammar it was a different issue. I decided not to use Arabic, but eventually I realized it was big mistake and a waste of time. Explaining the grammar rules only in English was causing lots of problems with understanding the lesson, due to the low level of my students. I repeated the lesson many times speaking slowly with the simplest words believing that they at least understood something from the lesson. But my efforts were in vain because once I asked the class to start practicing the exercises orally, no one responded. Whereas when I used a bit of Arabic as well as English in the same lesson, it was more effective. For example, Arabic generally follows the verb- subject structure. In English, however, the general structure is subject-verb-object. So pinpointing such basic factors and presenting model sentences in both languages clarified their misuse of a simple sentence in English. Thus, the passivity in the beginning changed; the students suddenly got interested and active, and started to work in groups to combine many sentences on their own. I realized that using L1 for beginners was beneficial grammar because students could understand grammatical structures and practice their application gradually as their level improves. Teaching reading was basically an individual effort that depended on the students’ efforts. To improve their reading skills they were asked to read aloud simple passages to improve their reading and pronunciation of words. However, for critical thinking skills, I asked them to silently read paragraphs and then asked questions about the part they read to check their perception and understanding of the topic. In reading, I allowed them to use Arabic to express their thoughts about a topic, because if I depended on English alone the class would be unresponsive. Gradually, in two weeks time the class began to open up and feel comfortable with using English in their responses. For example, in a reading lesson after silently reading the passage, one of the students knew she understood the topic but admitted that she was shy and afraid to answer the questions in English. This phobia is a general problem in Saudi students especially beginners. There is a fear of being wrong or feeling embarrassed. So, the fact that she was allowed to start in Arabic and include some English was a comforting experience. A student for instance would respond with broken sentences: â€Å"exercise it about exercise†¦ † and form discussions with their classmates in Arabic and ask the teacher for the correct form of answering, mimic it, and in turn learn it. Hence, they initially began with participating in L1 but grew to use L2 too after a while. The most difficult part of L2 learning that many beginners face is writing. In the first writing class I started with the basics, such as brainstorming then classifying their ideas. The problem that arose was the students’ limited vocabulary. They were able to participate using L1 and began asking the words meanings and jotting them down. It was not an effective process because the class turned out to be a vocabulary lesson. So I had to change plans. The next class I assigned them to read short paragraphs and focus on the structure, sentence order, words meanings and punctuation. Then in class we worked on a similar paragraph but with mistakes and edited it together. The students enjoyed this activity and used L1 to tell me the mistakes and why it is wrong. Gradually, I encouraged them to copy the forms they took but with a different topic. For example, they took a paragraph about fishing, and I asked them to write about swimming. The students copied the exact paragraph with a few changes. They got to learn a lot gradually when they wrote a paragraph on their own. L1 was used minimally just as a comfort zone for discussing topics and explaining rules, and they did learn the basics of writing in L2 at the end. Students don’t ask each other about particular words and structures and get it much easier. In upper-intermediate group we talk in English and that’s not a problem we don’t have to explain vocabulary or grammar in Arabic. So it’s the matter of the language advancement in English. This way of teaching is much more efficient. Conclusion Whether to use native language when teaching ESL students is a matter of constant debate and when choosing education method the teacher should consider students’ background, their primary knowledge and their abilities to learning. It is known that the more differences between languages the most difficulties students are faced with. The same situation is observed with Arabic and English as languages are completely different. Nevertheless, from the very beginning I was against using Arabic in teaching English as, in such a way, I hoped to achieve the higher level of commitment and I expected students to learn faster. But education process showed that it is normal to use Arabic when teaching students with low level of English because many students simply didn’t respond to my speech and efforts to explain some rules. I see students were confused as they couldn’t understand what I expected from them. The method to focus on facial expression, not on learning words failed as well. When I decided to use Arabic minimally I saw that such encouragement appeared to be more effective in creating more comfortable atmosphere for students to express their ideas. Therefore-, I concluded that co-operative learning strategy is the best method of learning beginners. Native language can be used when explaining abstract vocabulary, explaining new grammar and ensuring that all rules are understandable.